ICTQual Level 2 Award in Food Safety (Refresher)

• Microbiological Hazards
• Food Contamination
• Food Poisoning and Foodborne Illnesses
• Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)
• Personal Hygiene and Food Handling Practices
• Cleaning and Sanitation
• Food Safety Legislation and Regulations
• Allergen Management

Microbiological Hazards

1. Identification: Recognize different types of microorganisms that can contaminate food, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi.
2. Characteristics: Understand the characteristics of common foodborne pathogens, such as their growth requirements, survival mechanisms, and modes of transmission.
3. Risk Assessment: Assess the risks posed by microbiological hazards in food and identify potential sources of contamination.
4. Prevention Strategies: Implement preventive measures to control microbiological hazards, including proper food handling, storage, cooking, and hygiene practices.
5. Monitoring and Control: Monitor food production processes and establish control measures to minimize the growth and spread of harmful microorganisms.

Food Contamination

1. Types of Contamination: Differentiate between biological, chemical, and physical contaminants and understand how they can enter the food supply chain.
2. Sources of Contamination: Identify common sources of contamination in food production, processing, distribution, and preparation.
3. Cross-Contamination: Recognize the risk of cross-contamination and implement measures to prevent the transfer of harmful microorganisms, allergens, or other contaminants between food, surfaces, and equipment.
4. Mitigation Strategies: Implement control measures to reduce the risk of contamination during food handling, storage, transportation, and service.
5. Hazard Analysis: Conduct hazard analysis to identify critical control points (CCPs) where contamination must be controlled or eliminated to ensure food safety.

Food Poisoning and Foodborne Illnesses

1. Symptoms and Causes: Identify common symptoms of foodborne illnesses and understand the microorganisms responsible for causing them.
2. Epidemiology: Understand the epidemiology of foodborne diseases, including factors influencing their occurrence, distribution, and prevalence.
3. Public Health Impact: Recognize the public health significance of foodborne illnesses and their potential impact on individuals, communities, and healthcare systems.
4. Prevention and Control: Implement preventive measures to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses, including proper food handling, storage, cooking, and sanitation practices.
5. Reporting and Response: Know the procedures for reporting suspected cases of foodborne illness and responding to outbreaks in food establishments.

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)

1. Principles of HACCP: Understand the seven principles of HACCP and their application in identifying, evaluating, and controlling food safety hazards.
2. Hazard Analysis: Conduct hazard analysis to identify biological, chemical, and physical hazards associated with specific food processes or products.
3. Critical Control Points (CCPs): Identify critical control points where control measures can be applied to prevent, eliminate, or reduce hazards to acceptable levels.
4. Monitoring and Verification: Establish monitoring procedures and verification activities to ensure that CCPs are under control and effective in maintaining food safety.
5. Documentation and Records: Maintain accurate records of HACCP plans, monitoring results, corrective actions, and verification activities to demonstrate compliance with food safety requirements.

Personal Hygiene and Food Handling Practices

1. Personal Hygiene Practices: Adhere to strict personal hygiene practices, including handwashing, proper attire, and hygiene habits, to prevent the contamination of food.
2. Illness Awareness: Recognize the importance of staying home when experiencing symptoms of illness to prevent the spread of pathogens to food and fellow food handlers.
3. Hygienic Practices: Apply hygienic practices during food handling, such as avoiding bare-hand contact with ready-to-eat foods and using utensils and gloves appropriately.
4. Training and Education: Participate in training programs to enhance awareness of personal hygiene practices and their role in preventing foodborne illnesses.
5. Role in Food Safety: Understand the impact of personal hygiene on food safety and the responsibility of food handlers in maintaining high standards of hygiene in food establishments.

Cleaning and Sanitation

1. Cleaning Procedures: Follow established cleaning procedures to remove dirt, debris, and organic matter from surfaces, equipment, and utensils.
2. Sanitizing Practices: Apply appropriate sanitizers and disinfectants to kill harmful microorganisms and prevent their growth on food contact surfaces.
3. Frequency and Timing: Determine the frequency and timing of cleaning and sanitation activities based on the type of equipment, level of food handling, and risk of contamination.
4. Verification and Validation: Verify the effectiveness of cleaning and sanitation procedures through visual inspection, microbial testing, and other validation methods.
5. Preventive Maintenance: Perform regular preventive maintenance on equipment and facilities to ensure their cleanliness and functionality and prevent contamination risks.

Food Safety Legislation and Regulations

1. Understanding Regulations: Familiarize oneself with local, national, and international regulations and standards governing food safety and hygiene in food establishments.
2. Compliance Requirements: Ensure compliance with legal requirements, including food safety laws, regulations, codes of practice, and industry standards applicable to food handling, preparation, and service.
3. Recordkeeping: Maintain accurate records of food safety practices, training, inspections, and corrective actions to demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements.
4. Inspections and Audits: Prepare for and cooperate with regulatory inspections, audits, and assessments to verify compliance with food safety regulations and standards.
5. Continuous Improvement: Stay updated on changes in food safety regulations and standards and implement continuous improvement measures to enhance compliance and ensure the safety of food products and consumers.

Allergen Management

1. Identification of Allergens: Identify common food allergens and their sources, including ingredients derived from allergenic foods.
2. Cross-Contact Prevention: Implement measures to prevent cross-contact between allergenic and non-allergenic foods during storage, preparation, cooking, and serving.
3. Labeling Requirements: Understand labeling requirements for allergenic ingredients and provide clear and accurate allergen information to consumers.
4. Staff Training: Provide training to food handlers on allergen awareness, including recognizing symptoms of allergic reactions and responding appropriately to customer inquiries.
5. Emergency Response: Develop procedures for handling allergic reactions, including protocols for administering first aid, contacting emergency services, and managing allergen-related incidents in food establishments.